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WASHINGTON: President Barack Obama laid out a $3 trillion plan on Monday to cut US deficits by raising taxes on the rich, but Republicans rejected it as a political stunt and made clear the proposal has little chance of becoming law.

Vowing to veto any plan that relies solely on spending cuts to reduce deficits, the Democratic president’s recommendations set the stage for an ideological fight with Republicans opposed to tax increases that will stretch through Election Day 2012.

"I will not support any plan that puts all the burden of closing our deficit on ordinary Americans," Obama said. "We are not going to have a one-sided deal that hurts the folks who are most vulnerable."

Obama’s speech reflected a more aggressive defense of Democratic principles after he took a battering in two previous budget battles with Republicans this year that helped drive his approval rating to new lows.

Most Americans say they are unhappy with Obama’s economic leadership, and the president’s re-election hopes could hinge on his ability to convince voters that Republicans represent the rich, not the middle class.

On Monday, he repeatedly said all Americans must pay their "fair share" of taxes, and he sharpened the difference between his vision for America and that of Republicans in a speech meant to regain support among core supporters who have said Obama has failed to stick to liberal principles.

Republicans have consistently opposed any measures resembling tax hikes, saying they will hurt the struggling economy by increasing the burden on job-creating businesses. Republican leaders stuck to that position on Monday, quickly rejecting Obama’s plan.

"Veto threats, a massive tax hike, phantom savings, and punting on entitlement reform is not a recipe for economic or job growth," said Republican Senate leader Mitch McConnell.

John Boehner, speaker of the House of Representatives and the top Republican in Congress, said Obama failed to offer a "serious" recommendation to the special bipartisan congressional committee tasked with finding at least $1.2 trillion in savings.

"Pitting one group of Americans against another is not leadership," Boehner said.

Politics, but a plan?

Obama’s plan, which will be sent to the "super committee" of six Republicans and six Democrats considering deficit reduction, proposes $3 trillion in savings over the next decade. Roughly half of those savings come from higher tax revenues, under the president’s proposal.

That would include allowing tax breaks for upper income Americans to expire at the end of 2012, capping popular deductions for things like mortgage interest and charitable donations, and closing corporate tax loopholes.

His call to overhaul the US tax code included a "Buffett Rule," named after billionaire investor Warren Buffett, that would set a minimum tax rate for people earning more than $1 million a year.

The tax would only apply to a tiny minority of the millions of Americans who file tax returns, but White House aides said it would set a standard of fairness.

While critics derided Obama’s plan as purely political, some analysts said it was a serious effort to tackle a real fiscal problem.

"Obama’s new plan is both a serious legislative proposal and an effort to stake out his ground for his re-election campaign," said Sarah Binder, a senior fellow at The Brookings Institution, although she said Republicans’ resistance to tax hikes would likely thwart a compromise.

The super committee must propose a deficit plan by Nov 23. Congress must then vote on the panel’s proposal by Dec 23 or automatic spending cuts will be triggered across government agencies, beginning in 2013.

Investors want evidence that Washington’s political leaders are capable of tackling the towering US deficit and the country’s mounting debts, after ratings agency Standard & Poor’s cut the US AAA rating in August. Agencies have threatened fresh action if Washington fails to produce a credible plan for addressing long-term debt.

Palatable to the Left

Obama said his plan, together with savings agreed under an August debt ceiling deal, will cut $4 trillion from the deficit over 10 years, helping deflect Republican claims he is a "tax and spend liberal" that have hurt him with independent voters.

Obama’s suggestions do not raise the eligibility age for Medicare recipients, something he proposed during debt ceiling negotiations with Boehner over the summer.

Instead, he is proposing something more palatable to the left wing of his party -- $248 billion in savings from Medicare, the government health program for the elderly. The bulk of that would come from reducing overpayments to health care providers.

Medicare and Medicaid are viewed by analysts as the biggest contributors to long-term US deficits, a driving issue in the election. The US budget deficit in 2011 is expected to be about $1.3 trillion.